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Michael Kalashnikov. Part-2
Kalashnikov was included to the tender for a new assault rifle with two-year lateness, only after the Victory over Axis countries in 1945. The rush has made its influence on his work. The test team made its verdict: 'the system is unreliable and it cannot be improved.' However, Kalashnikov was so assertive and so believed in the advantage of his rifle, that he's luck to persuade and even engaged them for the common work on AK improvement. Major General Michael Kalashnikov, the General Constructor of 'Izhmash Plant' (Izhevsk, Udmurtia Republic): 'During all my life I was luck to meet good peoples in Russia. A sole handicraftsman hardly can invent something important, but it's may be different while he's acting as a part of a good team. However, he must try to inspire the team by his idea. So, a designer need good, harmonious, relations with the team." The recurrent trials were more successful, but Kalashnikov wished more. Despite the rules, he with his supporter, Alexander Zaytsev, changed the design completely. Only 3 designs were included in the short list in December, 1947. His main competitor was Bulkin, the arm weapon designer from Tula arm weapon plant, but the last rejected all request for changing from the test team. Kalashnikov from other hand tried to eliminate any source for worry from a potential consumer. Sergey Plotnikov, Central Military Museum, senior consultant: "This is Bulkin's TKB-415 assault rifle. This part is closing the whole internal space on the AK-47, but here it's open, and allows for dust to enter. If too much dirt enters, the work of the rifle can be disturbed." 1948, January 10. The test team came to conclusion that despite the rifles of Bulkin and Dementyev are more precise, AK is more reliable and more simple for use. Major General Michael Kalashnikov, the General Constructor of 'Izhmash Plant' (Izhevsk, Udmurtia Republic): " I read in my childhood: 'the God said, no complicated is need, any need isn't complicated". In the middle of 1948, the initial party of the assault rifles entered service. Specification: AK-47. Caliber -- 7.72 mm. Mass -- 4.8 kg. Rapidity -- 600 shots/min. Effective range -- 800 m. All that year, while the Army tested his gun, Kalashnikov was in the units. Tens of the claim, made by the soldiers and the officers, were took by him in to consideration during his further work on AK serial. In 1949 the assault rifle of Michel Timofeyevich Kalashnikov has finally entered service. The officially name was: "7.62 mm Kalashnikov's automat". Nowhere was said about 'AK-47' designation. Nevertheless, this is a rifle with the etching: "AK-47 No 1". Indeed, it's the name of the prototype, which took part in the tender in 1947. This name was cooked by the Kalashnikov's team, and now became to the international brand. In the same year, 1947, the major sergeant Michael Kalashnikov was awarded by 1st degree Stalin's price. Major General Michael Kalashnikov, the General Constructor of 'Izhmash Plant' (Izhevsk, Udmurtia Republic): 'Then the price was 150 thousands rubles. That year the 'Pobeda' (Victory) class private car was appeared in the car-shops, and I bought such car for 16 thousands rubles. I even could buy a number of such cars ... so it was good money then. My constructor's life was following. However, it was rather difficult life. " After the demobilization, Kalashnikov got over to Izhevsk. Then the serial production of AK-47 was started there. He initially became to be a leader engineer and next time -- the General Constructor of the plant. During some years, Kalashnikov has made 'a finish' for each detail of his gun. Simultaneously he took a part in the new tender for hand machinegun. He won again. In 1959, the machinegun and the modernized version of AK-47 -- AKM -- have entered service. Major General Michael Kalashnikov, the General Constructor of 'Izhmash Plant' (Izhevsk, Udmurtia Republic): "Modernization -- isn't simple deal. It's the work for a bulk of years. Our soldier takes with him a lot of gadgets, he's over loaded. Then for each reduced gram the inventors should be awarded." AKM was on the service longer that any other modification of AK. It also could be equipped with fire-depressing and silencing devices, optics and night vision. The parts of the rifle became to be made with plastic or powder-metallic technology. Also the problem of high dispersion was fixed. Vitaly Babakob, TsNII Tochmash, Leading Engineer: "For the greater accuracy in automatic fire the barrel gas-compensator was adjusted on AKM. This invention allowed big improvement in AKM fire accuracy." The modernized AKM and the hand machinegun had the unified round (7.62x39 mm) and is made by unified technology. The Russian military was especially satisfied with the cross-transferability of the arsenal and magazines. Such compatibility was then in no other army. In 1959, Kalashnikov was awarded with the Star of Labor Hero for its last inventions: AKM and the hand machinegun. In the middle of 60th the new General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev took in Izhevsk plant. He liked the new knife-bayonet for AKM very much. Being a compulsive hunter Brezhnev asked Kalashnikov, whether he has something like that for animal hunting. Michael Timofeyevich Kalashnikov promised to Brezhnev to make a special hunter knife mimics the form of knife-bayonet of AKM. Such special knifes were made only a number. They were presented for Brezhnev and for a number of Soviet chieftains. 1964. August 2. After the impudent and smart provocation with US frigate Maddox, the Americans started their dirty war against Vietnamese people democracy. The American president Johnson has ordered to bomb the peaceful citizens of free North Vietnam. This war became to a kind of tournament between two World Greatest arm weapon masters: Kalashnikov and Stoner. Document: "1968, January 20. Pentagon. The Head of Ground Forces Stuff. Confident. The M-16 automatic assault rifle still isn't reliable. The 30% of all personal losses is happen due to the failure of our main infantry weapon. The chief of the Special Department, Defense Ministry." The Vietnamese patriots did no have such problems. AK-47 was adopted for the hardest conditions: tropical humidity, dirt and pure maintenance. General Tu Suan Hue, Vietnamese military attaché in Moscow: "Then the bulk part of Vietnamese weapons were the American trophies, but when the new AK's have come, the Vietnamese warriors asked to give them this weapon as soon as possible, rejecting the American trophies." However, the American M-16 had some advances by itself. The 5.56 mm rounds had higher initial velocity. It ensured better accurateness of automatic fire. The lighter rounds also gave the possibility to rise the number of carried ammunition. As an answer, in USSR in early 70th the new 5.45 mm round was invented.
Kalashnikov was included to the tender for a new assault rifle with two-year lateness, only after the Victory over Axis countries in 1945. The rush has made its influence on his work. The test team made its verdict: 'the system is unreliable and it cannot be improved.' However, Kalashnikov was so assertive and so believed in the advantage of his rifle, that he's luck to persuade and even engaged them for the common work on AK improvement. Major General Michael Kalashnikov, the General Constructor of 'Izhmash Plant' (Izhevsk, Udmurtia Republic): 'During all my life I was luck to meet good peoples in Russia. A sole handicraftsman hardly can invent something important, but it's may be different while he's acting as a part of a good team. However, he must try to inspire the team by his idea. So, a designer need good, harmonious, relations with the team." The recurrent trials were more successful, but Kalashnikov wished more. Despite the rules, he with his supporter, Alexander Zaytsev, changed the design completely. Only 3 designs were included in the short list in December, 1947. His main competitor was Bulkin, the arm weapon designer from Tula arm weapon plant, but the last rejected all request for changing from the test team. Kalashnikov from other hand tried to eliminate any source for worry from a potential consumer. Sergey Plotnikov, Central Military Museum, senior consultant: "This is Bulkin's TKB-415 assault rifle. This part is closing the whole internal space on the AK-47, but here it's open, and allows for dust to enter. If too much dirt enters, the work of the rifle can be disturbed." 1948, January 10. The test team came to conclusion that despite the rifles of Bulkin and Dementyev are more precise, AK is more reliable and more simple for use. Major General Michael Kalashnikov, the General Constructor of 'Izhmash Plant' (Izhevsk, Udmurtia Republic): " I read in my childhood: 'the God said, no complicated is need, any need isn't complicated". In the middle of 1948, the initial party of the assault rifles entered service. Specification: AK-47. Caliber -- 7.72 mm. Mass -- 4.8 kg. Rapidity -- 600 shots/min. Effective range -- 800 m. All that year, while the Army tested his gun, Kalashnikov was in the units. Tens of the claim, made by the soldiers and the officers, were took by him in to consideration during his further work on AK serial. In 1949 the assault rifle of Michel Timofeyevich Kalashnikov has finally entered service. The officially name was: "7.62 mm Kalashnikov's automat". Nowhere was said about 'AK-47' designation. Nevertheless, this is a rifle with the etching: "AK-47 No 1". Indeed, it's the name of the prototype, which took part in the tender in 1947. This name was cooked by the Kalashnikov's team, and now became to the international brand. In the same year, 1947, the major sergeant Michael Kalashnikov was awarded by 1st degree Stalin's price. Major General Michael Kalashnikov, the General Constructor of 'Izhmash Plant' (Izhevsk, Udmurtia Republic): 'Then the price was 150 thousands rubles. That year the 'Pobeda' (Victory) class private car was appeared in the car-shops, and I bought such car for 16 thousands rubles. I even could buy a number of such cars ... so it was good money then. My constructor's life was following. However, it was rather difficult life. " After the demobilization, Kalashnikov got over to Izhevsk. Then the serial production of AK-47 was started there. He initially became to be a leader engineer and next time -- the General Constructor of the plant. During some years, Kalashnikov has made 'a finish' for each detail of his gun. Simultaneously he took a part in the new tender for hand machinegun. He won again. In 1959, the machinegun and the modernized version of AK-47 -- AKM -- have entered service. Major General Michael Kalashnikov, the General Constructor of 'Izhmash Plant' (Izhevsk, Udmurtia Republic): "Modernization -- isn't simple deal. It's the work for a bulk of years. Our soldier takes with him a lot of gadgets, he's over loaded. Then for each reduced gram the inventors should be awarded." AKM was on the service longer that any other modification of AK. It also could be equipped with fire-depressing and silencing devices, optics and night vision. The parts of the rifle became to be made with plastic or powder-metallic technology. Also the problem of high dispersion was fixed. Vitaly Babakob, TsNII Tochmash, Leading Engineer: "For the greater accuracy in automatic fire the barrel gas-compensator was adjusted on AKM. This invention allowed big improvement in AKM fire accuracy." The modernized AKM and the hand machinegun had the unified round (7.62x39 mm) and is made by unified technology. The Russian military was especially satisfied with the cross-transferability of the arsenal and magazines. Such compatibility was then in no other army. In 1959, Kalashnikov was awarded with the Star of Labor Hero for its last inventions: AKM and the hand machinegun. In the middle of 60th the new General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev took in Izhevsk plant. He liked the new knife-bayonet for AKM very much. Being a compulsive hunter Brezhnev asked Kalashnikov, whether he has something like that for animal hunting. Michael Timofeyevich Kalashnikov promised to Brezhnev to make a special hunter knife mimics the form of knife-bayonet of AKM. Such special knifes were made only a number. They were presented for Brezhnev and for a number of Soviet chieftains. 1964. August 2. After the impudent and smart provocation with US frigate Maddox, the Americans started their dirty war against Vietnamese people democracy. The American president Johnson has ordered to bomb the peaceful citizens of free North Vietnam. This war became to a kind of tournament between two World Greatest arm weapon masters: Kalashnikov and Stoner. Document: "1968, January 20. Pentagon. The Head of Ground Forces Stuff. Confident. The M-16 automatic assault rifle still isn't reliable. The 30% of all personal losses is happen due to the failure of our main infantry weapon. The chief of the Special Department, Defense Ministry." The Vietnamese patriots did no have such problems. AK-47 was adopted for the hardest conditions: tropical humidity, dirt and pure maintenance. General Tu Suan Hue, Vietnamese military attaché in Moscow: "Then the bulk part of Vietnamese weapons were the American trophies, but when the new AK's have come, the Vietnamese warriors asked to give them this weapon as soon as possible, rejecting the American trophies." However, the American M-16 had some advances by itself. The 5.56 mm rounds had higher initial velocity. It ensured better accurateness of automatic fire. The lighter rounds also gave the possibility to rise the number of carried ammunition. As an answer, in USSR in early 70th the new 5.45 mm round was invented.
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